中文摘要：

以低熔点金属（Ga,In,Sn）作为合金元素,采用机械球磨法制备Al-In-Sn和Al-Ga-In-Sn合金。研究In和Sn的质量比以及Ga的含量对铝合金水解性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、扫面电镜和能谱等手段分析铝合金的成分和形貌。结果表明：Al-In-Sn三元合金主要由Al和两种金属间化合物In3Sn和In Sn4组成。所有Al-In-Sn三元合金在室温下的水解活性都很低。当In和Sn的质量比为1：4时,三元合金具有最高的产氢性能。当Ga加入三元合金后,铝合金在室温下的水解活性得到极大的改善,这可能是由于Ga的加入一方面促使铝合金缺陷的产生,另一方面促进Ga-In3Sn-InS n4（Ga-In-Sn）共晶合金在铝合金表面的形成。Al原子能溶入该共晶合金并成为水解过程中的活性点。共晶合金的尺寸小及其在Al合金表面分布均匀是Al-Ga-In-Sn四元合金较强水解活性的主要原因。

英文摘要：

Low melting point metals（Ga, In, Sn） as alloy elements were used to prepare Al-In-Sn and Al-Ga-In-Sn alloys through mechanical ball milling method. The effects of mass ratio of In to Sn and Ga content on the hydrolysis properties of aluminum alloys were investigated. X-ray diffraction（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） with energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS） were used to analyze the compositions and morphologies of the obtained Al alloys. The results show that the phase compositions of Al-In-Sn ternary alloys are Al and two intermetallic compounds, In3 Sn and In Sn4. All Al-In-Sn ternary alloys exhibit poor hydrolysis activity at room temperature. Al-In-Sn alloy with the mass ratio of In to Sn equaling 1：4 has the highest hydrogen yield. After Ga is introduced to the ternary alloys, the hydrolysis activity of aluminum alloys at room temperature is greatly improved. It is speculated that the addition of Ga element promotes the formation of defects inside the Al alloys and Ga-In3Sn-In Sn4 eutectic alloys on the alloys surface. Al atoms can be dissolved in this eutectic phase and become the active spots during the hydrolysis process. The small size and uniform distribution of this eutectic phase may be responsible for the enhancement of hydrolysis activity.