中文摘要：

通过摇瓶培养试验,研究了0%～20%接种物投量对生物沥浸法处理航道底泥脱水性能的影响,并分析了处理过程中pH、Fe^3＋、SO4^2-、氧化还原电位（Oxidation-Reduction Potential、ORP）、比阻（Specific Resistance of Filtration、SRF）、胞外聚合物（Extracellular Polymeric Substances、EPS）等指标的变化。结果表明：保持FeS_25.0g·L^-1和S^02.0g·L^-1的投量不变,当接种物投量不超过10%时,其投量的增加可加速反应进程,促进脱水性能的提高;当接种物投量为10%、沥浸48h时,底泥比阻由5.06×10^12 m·kg^-1降至9.20×10^11 m·kg^-1,由难脱水转为易脱水。此外,pH越低、Fe^3＋、SO4^2-和ORP越高,即酸化和氧化作用越强,比阻越低;紧密结合的EPS（Tightly Bound EPS、TB-EPS）、松散结合的EPS（Loosely Bound EPS、LB-EPS）与比阻变化同步,Pearson相关系数分别为0.84～0.96、0.82～0.96,其含量减少,特别是TB-EPS的减少有利于脱水。

英文摘要：

The batch experiment are performed to study the effect of bioleaching in different amounts inoculum on dewaterability of the channel sediment,moreover,the changes of the value of pH,Fe^3＋,SO4^2-,Oxidation-Reduction Potential（ORP）,Specific Resistance of Filtration（SRF）and Extracellular Polymeric Substances（EPS）are analyzed in the process of treatment.As a result,with the addition of FeS_25.0g·L^-1and S^02.0g·L^-1 unchanged,the increases of the amounts of inoculum can accelerate the process of the reaction and improve the dewaterability while the amounts of inoculums do not exceed 10%.When the amounts of inoculum is 10%,the value of SRF decreases from 5.06×10^12 m·kg^-1 to 9.20×10^11 m·kg^-1after leaching for 48 hours.And the sediment can be regard easy to be dewatered.In addition,the lower the value of pH is,the higher the concentration of Fe^3＋,SO4^2-and the value of ORP are.Namely,the stronger the acidification and oxidation are,the lower the value of SRF is.The changes of Tightly Bound Extracellular Polymeric Substances（TB-EPS）and Loosely Bound Extracellular Polymeric Substances（LBEPS）as well as SRF are synchronous.The correlation coefficient of Pearson between TB-EPS and SRF ranges from 0.84 to 0.96 as well as between LB-EPS and SRF ranges from 0.82 to 0.96.The decreases of the content of TB-EPS and LB-EPS have an advantage of dehydration especially for the decreases of the content of TB-EPS.