中文摘要：

在成本受限的情况下,通过优化气象自动站布局,提高气象数据收集的准确率。针对自动站作为代理可以同时扮演多个角色,提出了基于主从角色分配的GRA方法,解决多对多情况下组角色分配问题,从而优化气象自动站布局。结合南方某气象局属下气象自动站现有布局和历史数据,并通过仿真实验验证了本方法的可行性,不仅提高了气象数据收集准确率,同时削减了成本。本文的研究可为气象局优化气象自动站布局提供参考。

英文摘要：

The key to weather forecast is to improve the accuracy of the meteorological data collection.Although we can increase the amount of meteorological data collection equipment and the number of collection points,we are unable to improve the accuracy of the meteorological data collection.Under cost-constrained condition,this paper improved the accuracy of the meteorological data collection by optimizing the layout of automatic weather station.Based on the existing automatic weather station layout and historical weather data of a southern meteorological bureau,the E-CARGO model was used to model and optimize the layout of automatic weather station and convert the problem to a GRA problem.Because an automatic weather station as an agent can play multiple roles at the same time,a revised GRA method based on master-slave role assignment was proposed to solve the group role assignment problem and optimize the layout of automatic weather stations.The data for the simulation experiment come from the existing automatic weather station layout and historical meteorological data of a southern meteorological bureau.The results of the experiments indicate that the proposed method is effective,valid and feasible.This study may provide references for automatic weather station layout optimization of meteorological bureau.