中文摘要：

根据前人的研究结果，对高炉中碱金属的研究现状进行了综述，分析了近年来高炉中碱金属危害再次出现的原因，碱金属对高炉冶炼的危害途径以及高炉排碱措施，探讨了今后的研究方向，为降低碱金属对高炉冶炼的危害提供了理论依据。

英文摘要：

According to previous studies, the research situation of alkali metals in blast furnace was reviewed. The causes of re-emergence of alkali metal hazard to blast furnace in recent years, the approach that alkali metal hazard to blast furnace, and the measures of alkali discharge in blast furnace were analyzed. Research direction in future were discussed in order to provide theoretical basis for decrease of the harmfulness of alkali metal to blast furnace smelting process.