中文摘要：

下丘脑黑皮质素系统是中枢神经系统调控机体能量代谢的关键神经环路。既往研究证实其在调控机体摄食行为中发挥重要的作用,近几年的研究进一步阐明其在调控机体糖脂代谢中的作用和机制。最新的研究发现黑皮质素系统通过交感神经系统,调控棕色脂肪组织的产热以及白色脂肪米色化,在促进机体能量消耗的过程中发挥重要的作用。本文将主要对下丘脑黑皮质素系统及其相关的神经环路在调控机体能量代谢中的作用和机制对最新的研究进展做一综述,同时讨论临床抗肥胖和降糖药物的中枢作用机制,为对抗肥胖和糖尿病提供新思路。

英文摘要：

The hypothalamic melanocortin system represents the pivotal neural circuit in the central nervous system in the regulation of energy balance. Previous studies have reported its essential roles in the modulation of feeding behavior. Recent studies revealed the role and underlying mechanisms of this system in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Importantly, current evidence implied that melanocortin system, via sympathetic nervous system, enhances energy expenditure by promoting brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and browning/beige of white adipose tissues. In this review we will summarize recent discoveries on the hypothalamic melanocortin system and its associated neural circuit in the regulation of whole body energy homeostasis, we will also discuss the actions of current anti-obesity and anti-diabetes drugs in the central nervous system, in order to provide new insights for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.