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祁连山区几种草地蝗虫蛋白质营养评价

ISSN号：2095-1353
期刊名称：《应用昆虫学报》
时间：0
分类：S816.15[农业科学—饲料科学;农业科学—畜牧学;农业科学—畜牧兽医]
作者机构：[1]兰州大学青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心,兰州730020, [2]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,兰州730020, [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,兰州730020
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（30730069）

关键词：蛋白营养源, 营养价值, 饲料, 家禽, protein nutritional resource, nutritional value, feed, poultry

中文摘要：

为评价草地蝗虫作为家禽蛋白源饲料的营养价值。本研究以几种草地蝗虫为供试对象,在分析测定其蛋白和氨基酸含量基础上,采用国际通用蛋白质营养评价标准,分析评价其蛋白质营养价值。结果表明,草地蝗虫蛋白含量高（62.4%～67.3%,DM）,氨基酸组分齐全、家禽所需必需氨基酸约占蝗虫总干重的30.3%～34.2%,其氨基酸模式优于1973年FAO提出模式。与家禽常用蛋白源饲料（鱼粉和大豆）相比,草地蝗虫蛋白多数氨基酸评分、化学分、必需氨基酸指数和比值系数高于或接近参照蛋白源相应评分。但草地蝗虫蛋氨酸、胱氨酸和色氨酸的化学分和氨基酸分均低于对照蛋白源,说明这3种氨基酸可能成为草地蝗虫用作家禽饲料的限制性氨基酸。而氨基酸比值系数分析结果也证实草地蝗虫作为蛋白源饲料,其蛋白蛋氨酸、胱氨酸和色氨酸含量的不足。总之,草地蝗虫作为家禽饲料,是一种优质蛋白源饲料,有望随着草地蝗虫开发利用的不断深入,必将在家禽养殖业中发挥越来越重要的作用。

英文摘要：

In order to investigate the nutritional value of grassland grasshoppers as poultry feed,several different species of grasshoppers were collected from grassland and their protein content analyzed according to international standards.The results indicate that grasshoppers are rich in protein,the content of which varied from 62.4 percent in Angaracris rhodopa to 67.3 percent in Oedalius asiaticus.There were 18 kinds of amino acids,accounting for 30.3%-34.2% DM of the dietary requirements of poultry.The amino acid profile of grasshopper protein was superior to that recommended by the FAO in 1973.The amino acid scores （AAS）,chemical scores （CS）,essential amino acid index （EAAI） and ratio coefficient （RC） of most protein in grasshoppers was higher,or similar,to those of common poultry feeds,such as fish and beans.However,the CS and AAS of methionine,cystine and tryptophan in grasshopper protein were lower than those of fish and beans,indicating that these amino acids are limiting in grasshopper protein.In conclusion,grasshoppers are a good protein source for poultry feed that could play an increasing role in the poultry industry.

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