中文摘要：

根据岩石和围岩的蠕变机理以及岩石流变控制原则，在实验研究的基础上，提出了新的岩石稳定蠕变准则，并建立起一个岩石最优恒阻支护计算方法。用这一计算方法能求出岩石恒阻支护的重要技术参数，即最优（小）恒阻支护力、围岩最大允许变形量、恒阻U型钢支架的截面积、联接螺栓的预紧力和直径及最优支护力的拧紧力矩。按最优恒阻支护计算方法设计巷道支护，可以达到经济且安全的最佳支护效果。文中应用了课题组近期岩石流变实验研究的结果；应力偏量第三不变量对岩石蠕变影响显著；岩石侧向蠕变的应力阀值比轴向蠕变应力阀值低20％-40％。这些结果的应用使巷道岩石支护的设计更趋于安全。

英文摘要：

According to the creep mechanism of rock and surrounding rock and the control principle for rock creep, a new critical principle for steady creep of rock was put forward, and an optimum method for calculating the constant resistance supporting of roadway surrounding rock was set up based on experimental studies. Using the optimum calculating method, some important technical parameters could be determined, that is, optimum supporting force, allowable deformation of rock mass, cross section area of U-shape set, pre-tight force and diameter of the bolt as well as torque to provide optimum supporting force. The present method could make the supporting of roadway surrounding rock safe and economic. The latest experimental results of rock creep were used： the third invariant of deviator stress tensor had greater effect on creep properties; the stress threshold of lateral creep of rock was 20%-40% less than that of axial creep of the same rock. Their use made the design of roadway surrounding rock supporting safer.