中文摘要：

【目的】具有超疏水性的木材可以抑制或减小木材表面对水分的吸收,从而延长并提高木材的使用寿命及性能,研究木材表面等离子体刻蚀和沉积碳氟薄膜的超疏水性,为等离子体环境下超疏水性木材的制备提供科学依据和参考。【方法】以糖枫木径切单板为试验材料,首先采用氧等离子体在放电功率150 W、工作气压66 Pa的条件下对其表面进行不同时间的刻蚀,利用扫描电子显微镜和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜分析刻蚀时间对木材表面形貌和粗糙度的影响;然后以五氟乙烷和氩气的混合气体在放电功率120 W、工作气压133 Pa的条件下将低表面能的碳氟薄膜等离子体化学气相沉积在刻蚀后的木材表面以制备具有超疏水性的木材,利用接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜和X-射线光电子能谱仪研究木材表面的润湿性、表面形貌、元素组成及其化学环境,同时利用椭圆偏振光谱仪测量不同沉积时间下的薄膜厚度。【结果】刻蚀时间小于30 min时,木材表面的平均粗糙度（Sa）、均方面光洁度（Sq）和最大高低差（Sz）均随着刻蚀时间增加逐渐增大,而当刻蚀时间延长至45 min时,木材表面的平均粗糙度略有减小;当沉积碳氟薄膜的时间固定为40 s时,刻蚀时间对木材表面静态接触角的影响并不明显,但滚动角则随着刻蚀时间增加逐渐减小,且顺纹方向的滚动角均小于横纹方向;未刻蚀木材表面的静态接触角随着薄膜沉积时间增加逐渐减小,水滴与木材表面之间均表现出较强的黏附性;椭圆偏振光谱仪测量表明,薄膜厚度随沉积时间增加线性增大;刻蚀时间固定为15 min或45 min时,增加碳氟薄膜沉积时间对木材表面静态接触角的影响并不明显,但滚动角均随沉积时间增加呈先减小后增大的趋势;刻蚀45 min并沉积碳氟薄膜40 s的木材样品,其静态接触角高达160.6°±0.4°,沿顺纹和横纹方向具有最小?

英文摘要：

[ Objective] The greatest disadvantage of wood in actual applications is its hygroscopicity, hydroxyl groups on the porous surface readily form hydrogen bonds with adsorted water molecules. In order to inhibit or reduce moisture adsorption on the surface of wood, this study fabricated superhydrophobic wood surfaces, therefore, prolong the lifetime of wood and improve its service performance, and provide a method for creation of superhydrophobic wood using plasma technology. [ Method] Firstly,the radial sections of Acer saccharum Marsh. wood were etched for different times with an O2 plasma at a discharge power of 150 W and working pressure of 66 Pa. The effect of O2 plasma etching time on morphology and roughness of wood surfaces was investigated using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and laser scanning confocal microscope （LSCM） profilometry. Then, the superhydrophobic wood were fabricated by plasma chemical vapor deposition of fluorocarbon film which has lower surface free energy on etched wood surfaces from a mixture of pentafluoroethane （PFE） and argon gas at a discharge power of 120 W and working pressure of 133 Pa. The wetting behavior of the treated wood was determined by static water contact angle and roll-off angle measurement. Furthermore, the morphology, thickness of deposited films , element composition and their chemical bonding information of wood surfaces before and after deposition treatment were also measured and analyzed by SEM, ellipsometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）. [ Result] The average roughness （S） , root mean square roughness （Sq） and peak- to-valley roughness （S） of wood surfaces increased with the etching time within 30 rain. However, the wood surface roughness decreased slightly after prolonged etching time to 45 rain. when the time of deposition fluorocarbon film was fixed at dO s, the static water contact angles did not change significantly as a function of etching time, but the roll-off angles of wood surfaces decreased gradually with in