中文摘要：

苎麻（Boehmeria）是一种常见的多年生草本植物，其茎刮皮后可得到原麻，而叶子却无法得到有效利用，从而造成很大程度的浪费。本文首次采用静态接触角测试（CA）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外分光光度计（FTIR）等测试手段对样品的性能、形貌、结构、成分进行了表征和分析，研究发现苎麻叶具有良好地吸油性能和保油性能，可吸收6．8倍自身重量的机油，也具备一定的疏水性能。因此苎麻叶可作为吸附剂除去油性污染，达到净化环境、保护环境的目的，其良好地保油性能可以防止吸附剂转移过程中油污的泄漏，避免二次污染的发生。文章还对其亲油疏水机理进行了探讨，结果表明苎麻叶的亲油性能主要与其表面的网状空心结构有关，疏水性能主要与其表面的粗糙结构有关，植物蜡似的有机物存在既有利于疏水同时又有利于亲油。这为苎麻叶后期的开发和应用提供了可借鉴的经验。

英文摘要：

Ramie （Boehmeria） is a common perennial herb. Raw jute can be obtained by scraping off the skin of ramie stem, while its leaves cannot be utilized effectively, which results in a large degree of resourcewasting. In this study, the properties, morphologies, structure and components of ramie leav es were characterized by static contact angle （CA）, scanning electronic microscope （SEM） and fou rier transform infrared spectrophotometer （FTIR） for the first time. The results indicated that the ramie leaves had good hydrophobicity and lipophilic performances. The saturated absorption capacities of ramie leaf could reach 6. 8 g/g. Therefore, ramie leaf can be used as adsorbent to remove oil pollution to clean up and protect the environment. It possesses good oil keeping capacity and can prevent the oil from leak and secondary pollution during the transfer of adsorbent. Meanwhile, we suggested a possible mechanism to explain the hydrophobicity and lipophilic properties of the ramie leaf, which could pro vide some experience for later development and application. The lipophilic properties of ramie leaves are mainly related to their mesh hollow structure, the hydrophobic properties are related to the surfaceroughness. The presence of plant wax is contributed to both lipophilic and hydrophobic performance of ramie ]eaves.