中文摘要：

为准确研究氢在活性炭上的吸附平衡,本文对比分析了由氮和氢在活性炭上吸附数据确定的活性炭的孔径分布（PSD）。首先,应用容积法,在0～12.5MPa压力范围、3个温度（113.15K、193.15K、273.15K）下测定氢在K05活性炭上的吸附平衡数据,并由引入系统内氢的质量衡算确定吸附池内氢的总量。其次,以77K氮吸附数据确定的PSD为初值、以吸附池内氢的总量为基准,通过优化非局域密度泛函理论（NDFT）计算值确定活性炭的PSD,进而比较表征介质、温度及平衡压力对PSD的影响。研究表明,应用氢吸附数据表征孔宽小于0.8nm的超细微孔的微分容积较大;平衡压力较高时,由不同温度氢吸附数据确定的超细微孔的PSD相近;孔宽大于1.2nm时,不同温度氢吸附数据确定的PSD间有明显偏差。须应用超临界温度高压氢或氢在亚临界温度区域的吸附数据,同时结合77K氮吸附等温线来表征吸附剂在超细微孔和微孔范围的PSD。

英文摘要：

For the analysis of hydrogen adsorption equilibrium on the activated carbon,the pore size distribution（PSD） determined by hydrogen adsorption data and 77K N2 adsorption isotherms was comparatively studied in this paper.Firstly,volumetric method was used to measure hydrogen adsorption data at three temperatures（113.15K,193.15K,273.15K） and pressures up to 12.5MPa,the total amount of hydrogen confined within the adsorption cell was then determined by the mass balance.Based on the initial PSD set by 77K N2 adsorption isotherms,optimization between isotherms of the total amount and those from non-local density functional theory（NDFT） calculation was carried out to match the PSD.Results showed that analysis with hydrogen molecules brought about lager volumes for pores in the range below 0.8nm where PSDs set by hydrogen adsorption data at different temperatures were in little difference,however,difference in differential volume increased in the pore width especially for pores larger than 1.2nm.Conclusions were drawn that high pressure supercritical adsorption data or the data measured nearby the sub-critical state should be adopted while analyzing with hydrogen molecules,and H2 analysis for ultramicropores together with N2 analysis for larger pores could more accurately characterize the adsorbents considered for hydrogen storage.