中文摘要：

从两个递进层次比较研究了成熟市场经济国家和转型国家制度对创业类型的影响，分析了制度是促进合法创业还是非法创业以及在合法创业中是倾向于鼓励创新型创业还是套利型创业，并提炼出两大假说．实证检验发现，制度对两类国家的创业影响既有共性也存在显著差异．共性体现为，法律和自由市场制度能抑制两者的非法创业，金融创新是二者推动创新创业的关键．但影响各类创业的有效制度变量及其方向则呈现较大国别差异，尤其转型国家的制度缺陷导致其非法创业和套利型创业较多、创新型创业不足．研究有助于各国实施针对性的制度创新，促进合法创业尤其是创新型创业的发展．

英文摘要：

It intends to explore the impact of institution on entrepreneurial types in transition countries and mature mar- ket economy countries from two progressive aspects： Whether the institution promotes legal or illegal entrepreneurship, and whether it encourages innovative or arbitrary entrepreneurship in legal entrepreneurship. It puts forward two hypoth- eses. The empirical test shows that the impacts of institution on entrepreneurial types in the two groups have both simi- larities as well as significant differences. Commonalities are that the law and the free market system can inhibit the ille- gal entrepreneurship, and financial innovation is the key to promoting innovative entrepreneurship. However, the spe- cific institutional variables and their affects show significant transnational differences, especially the institutional defects in transition countries lead to more illegal and arbitrary entrepreneurship, and inadequate innovative entrepreneurship. This finding facilitates the governments to promote legal entrepreneurship, especially innovative entrepreneurship via appropriate institutional innovation.