中文摘要：

目的探讨阿瑞匹坦对骨与软组织肉瘤患者强致吐化疗相关性呕吐的预防效果。方法骨与软组织肉瘤患者20例,共完成化疗86例次,分为治疗组10例,化疗45例次（化疗方案：阿瑞匹坦＋帕洛诺司琼＋醋酸地塞米松片）和对照组10例,化疗41例次（化疗方案：帕洛诺司琼＋醋酸地塞米松片）,观察阿瑞匹坦对化疗相关性呕吐的预防效果及不良反应。结果治疗组和对照组呕吐完全缓解率分别为68.89%和51.22%（P〉0.05）,延迟性呕吐发生率分别为17.78%和36.59%（P〈0.05）,两组便秘、食欲减低和头痛等不良反应差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗组乏力发生率高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论阿瑞匹坦可有效降低骨与软组织肉瘤化疗相关的延迟性呕吐发生率,且不良反应较轻。

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate the effects of aprepitant on highly emetogenic chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting （CINV） in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma. Methods A total of 20 patients of bone and soft tissue sarcoma who received 86 cycles chemotherapy were divided into treatment group treatment group （n = 10, 45 cycles, aprepitant＋ palonosetron＋dexamethasone） and control group （ n = 10, 41 cycles, palonosetron ＋ dexamethasone）. The preventive effect of aprepitant on chemotherapy-induced vomiting （CIV） was observed. Results The complete remission rate of CIV in treatment group and control group were 68.89% and 51.22% respectively （P〉 0.05）, and the incidence rates of delayed vomiting were 17.78% and 36.59% （P〈0.05）.The adverse effects such as constipation, appetite reduction and headache were well tolerated within two groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but the incidence of fatigue in treatment group was higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Aprepitant can significantly decrease the incidence of delayed CIV in bone and soft tissue sarcoma patients, and the adverse reaction is slight.