中文摘要：

目的观察雌激素（Estrogen，E2）对戊四氮（pentylenetetrazol，PTZ）致痫大鼠海马区胶质细胞增生和突触可塑性变化的影响。方法实验动物分成正常对照组、PTZ致痫组、E2＋PTZ致痫组和E2＋Tamoxifen致痫组，采用PTZ慢性癫痫点燃模型，观察各实验分组大鼠行为学表现，并用免疫组化染色和计算机图像分析技术观察胶质原纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和突触素（Synaptophysin，P38）表达水平的改变。结果E2＋PTZ致痫组大鼠癫痫发作时间较PTZ致痫组早，发作程度普遍较高；致痫各组均观察到突触素阳性染色数目增多和胶质细胞增生，以海马CA2、CA3区和齿状回门区较为明显，与正常对照组比较，有显著差异（P〈0．01）；E2＋PTZ致痫组较PTZ致痫组和Tamoxifen干预致痫组亦有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论PTZ点燃的癫痫大鼠海马区发生突触可塑性改变和反应性星形胶质细胞增生，可能与异常放电回路形成，大脑兴奋性放电增加，最终诱发癫痫发作有关；星形胶质细胞衍生性雌激素可能在促进癫痫的发作并使这一改变更加明显中起到一定作用，而雌激素受体拮抗剂能部分抑制这种作用；提示雌激素与癫痫发作时突触形成及胶质细胞的增生间存在着一定的联系。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen on gliosis, synaptic proliferation and reorganization in hippocampus of rats with chronic epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazol （PTZ）. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, PTZ kindling epilepsy group, estrogen ＋ PTZ group and estrogen ＋ Tamoxifen （ mixed estrogen antagonist） ＋ PTZ group. The PTZ kindling epilepsy group was intraperitoneally injected with 35 mg/kg PTZ once a day, then the behavior of the rats in one hour was observed. The estrogen interfered group was intramuscluarly injected of 0.6 μg/kg β-estradiol 6 h before PTZ injection, 1/3 d. The estrogen ＋ Tamoxifen interfered group was injected of Tamoxifen into lateral cerebral ventricle 1 h before estrogen injection. If the severe epileptic seizures occurred three times, the rats were ready for detecting the expression of filial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and synaptophysin （P38） by immunohistochemical technique. Results Epileptic seizure occoured earlier and more severely in most rats of estrogen interfered group than no estrogen interfered group. Rats in all model groups were found more astrocyte proliferation and positive synaptophysin staining, especially in the CA2, CA3 and hilar areas of dentate gyrus （DG） of hippocampus than control group. Estrogen ＋ Tamoxifen interfered group showed significant difference as compared with other groups （P 〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion The changes in the GFAP and synaptic proliferation in the hippocampus after PTZ injection are probably related to the formation of abnormal discharge circuit, and finally lead to the seizures in rats. Estrogen can enhance the seizure and the alteration in rat hippocampus, but tamoxifen plays the opposite role. Estrogen is involved in the gliosis, synaptic proliferation and reorganization of the mechanism of chronic epilepsy.