中文摘要：

目的探讨儿童孤独症发病的相关危险因素，为孤独症的防治提供理论依据。方法采用成组病例对照研究，对165例孤独症儿童和320例正常对照组儿童，采用自编的孤独症危险因素调查表收集相关危险因素、家庭一般情况等资料，用x2检验分析两组儿童之间危险因素的差异。结果病例组母亲高生育年龄（≥35岁）、有人工流产史、母孕期抑郁情绪史、母孕期被动吸烟史及父亲内向所占比例较正常组高（P〈0．05），进一步进行Logistic回归分析显示母高育龄、孕期抑郁情绪、孕期被动吸烟、有人工流产史以及父亲性格内向为孤独症的危险因素。结论母亲高龄生育、有人工流产史、孕期抑郁情绪、孕期被动吸烟以及父亲性格内向均可使儿童孤独症发病风险增高。

英文摘要：

Objective To find out risk factors associated with children with autism and to offer the basis for autistic prevention work. Methods There were 165 patients children with autism and 320 patientscontrol group of children in the case-control study. Questionnaires were used to make up by ourselves to collect maternal risk factors, family and other general information,and then used Chi-square test to analyze the two sets of children＇s differences in risk factors. Results The proportion of higher maternal age （≥35 years old） and father introverted, higher maternal induced abortion, maternal depression and passive smoking during the pregnant time in autism group were higher than those in the normal group （P〈 0.05）,and logistic analysis showed that higher maternal age, father introverted, higher maternal induced abortion, maternal depression and passive smoking during the pregnant time were the risk factors to autism in children. Conclusion Mother aged （≥35 years old）, a history of induced abortion, passive smoking and depression in gestation period and father introverted are risk factors to autism.