中文摘要：

目的：采用一种全新的条件性位置偏爱装置,探索一种可以使动物同时产生奖赏和厌恶记忆的实验模型。方法：使用一种全新的条件性位置偏爱箱,其独特的＂Y＂字形结构具有三个方向的开口,可以使动物向三个方向进行探索,同时进行两种药物的训练。采用大鼠蔗糖-奎宁自然奖赏和厌恶、甲基苯丙胺-氯化锂以及吗啡-氯化锂药物奖赏和厌恶同时建立动物的条件性位置偏爱以及偏恶模型。结果：（1）在蔗糖-奎宁试验中,大鼠在伴蔗糖箱中的停留时间明显高于伴去离子水箱（P〈0.05）,在伴奎宁箱中停留时间明显低于伴去离子水箱（P〈0.01）。（2）在甲基苯丙胺-氯化锂试验中,大鼠在甲基苯丙胺伴药箱停留时间明显高于生理盐水伴药箱（P〈0.05）,大鼠在氯化锂伴药箱停留时间明显低于生理盐水伴药箱（P〈0.05）。（3）在大鼠吗啡-氯化锂条件位置偏爱实验中,大鼠在吗啡伴药箱停留时间明显高于生理盐水伴药箱（P〈0.01）,在氯化锂伴药箱停留时间明显低于生理盐水伴药箱（P〈0.001）。结论：该新型实验装置可以使动物同时产生条件性位置偏爱和位置偏恶,可以建立动物同时具有奖赏记忆和厌恶记忆的实验模型。

英文摘要：

Objective： To explore a novel model in which animals can establish conditioned place preference and aversion simultaneously.Methods： Applying a new conditioned place preference equipment with a special ＂Y＂type opening which can allow animals entering three different spaces to train animals with positive and negative memories in the same time. Useing sucrose-quinine natural rewards and aversion,methamphetamine-lithium chloride or morphine-lithium chloride drug rewards and aversion to establish conditioned place preference and aversion concurrently.Results：（ 1） In the sucrose CPP and quinine CPA test,rats spent significantly more time in the sucrose-paired compartment,compared with deionized water-paired rats（ P 0. 05）; and rats spent significantly less time in the quinine-paired compartment,compared with deionized water-paired rats（ P 0. 01）.（ 2） In the methamphetamine-lithium chloride test,rats spent significantly more time in the METH-paired compartment,comparedwith saline-treated rats（ P 0. 05）; and rats spent significantly less time in the lithium chloride-paired compartment compared with saline-treated rats（ P 0. 05）.（ 3） In the morphine-lithium chloride test,rats spent significantly more time in the morphine-paired compartment,compared with saline-treated rats（ P 0. 01）,and rats spent significantly less time in the lithium chloride-paired compartment,compared with saline-treated rats（ P 0. 001）.Conclusion： In this model,animals can establish CPP and CPA at the same time.