中文摘要：

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）为原料，通过静电纺丝法结合三步热处理工艺成功制备出多孔碳纳米纤维．采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和比表面分析仪等测试方法系统地分析了PVP／PMMA不同质量比对多孔碳纳米纤维的形貌和电化学性能的影响．实验测试结果表明当PVP与PMMA质量比为3：2时，得到的多孔碳纳米纤维的比表面积最大，可达到545．4m^2·g^-1，并且具有最好的电化学性能；在0．1C充放电速率下50次循环之后样品的放电比容量约为220mAh·g^-1．所有由PVP／PMMA混合原料制备的多孔碳纳米纤维的比容量均高于由PVP原料制备的碳纳米纤维，并具有较好的循环性能．

英文摘要：

Porous carbon nanofibers （PCNFs） have been synthesized via electrospinning of polyvinyl pyr- rolidone/polymethyl methacrylate （PVP/PMMA） composites precursor into polymeric nanofibers, followed by a three-step heat treatment process. The effects of different mass ratios of PVP to PMMA on the porous carbon nanofibers have been studied systematically by using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electronmicroscopy （SEM）, transmission electronmicroscopy （TEM）, and Brunauer Emme-Teller （BET） techniques. The results indicate that PCNFs with rn （PVP）： m （PMMA）=3 ： 2 are mesoporous and exhibit the largest specific surface area of 545.4 m^2·g^-1 without subsequent activation, and the highest capacity about 220 mAh ·g^-1 at 0.1 C after 50 cycles. The electrochemical measurement shows that the cyclic reversible capacity of all the PCNFs is higher than that of carbon nanofibers prepared by PVP, and all the samples have relatively good cycling stability.