中文摘要：

＂对内改革＂是＂对外开放＂的国内背景;中国＂对内改革＂渐进性诱发的要素市场扭曲是中国＂对外开放＂面临的独特约束。基于这一判断,本文从要素价格扭曲视角,利用1999—2007年中国微观企业数据,重新审视中国企业出口行为。结论认为：中国工业企业要素价格存在严重负向扭曲并有增加趋势;东部地区、外资、港澳台资和私营企业扭曲程度最高;总体上看,要素价格负向扭曲促进了中国企业出口。这意味着,中国出口奇迹离不开要素价格负向扭曲;中国企业将国内＂生产要素应得＂通过低价出口形式转移给了国外消费者;贸易规模扩大、贸易结构优化的同时,更应注意贸易利益分配。

英文摘要：

Internal reform is the background of external openness. The factor market distortion induced by China＇s internal reform is a specific constrain of China＇s openness. Based on this logic and the perspective of factor price distortion, we re-evaluate export behavior of Cilina＇s firms, using the micro-level data of China＇s manufacturing finns. We arrived at the following conclusions： There is serious and increasing negative faetor price distortion of China＇s manufacturing firms; The eastern region, the foreigner-owned firms and the private firms have the most serious price distortion; The negative price distortion promotes export in general. This means, China＇s export success is owned to the negative price distortion; China factors＇ surplus through the low-price export; We should focus structure. subside the foreign consumer by Chinese production on trade welfare instead of trade volumes and trade