中文摘要：

目的探讨5-羟色胺（5-HT）系统5-HT2A受体基因（HTR2A）-1438A/G和色氨酸羟化酶基因（TPH1）-6526A/G多态性及其他相关因素对注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）智商的影响。方法根据美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》4版（DSM-Ⅳ）中ADHD诊断标准,共入组366例汉族ADHD患儿,采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表（C-WISC）评定ADHD患儿的智商（IQ）,应用限制性片断长度多态性检测HTR2A的-1438A/G和TPH1的-6526A/G的多态性,收集家庭一般情况（包括父母亲受教育程度）。按照基因型将患儿分为GG、GA和AA3组,同时按父母的受教育程度（初中及以下,高中、中专和大专,大学本科及以上）将患儿分为3组。结果HTR2A的-1438A/G的GG、GA和AA3个基因型组患儿全量表智商（FIQ）和言语智商（VIQ）的差异均有统计学意义（F=5.238 P=0.006）（F=6.052 P=0.003）;经两两比较,GG和GA基因型组间的差异有统计学意义[P（FIQ）=0.003,0.042;P（VIQ）=0.001,0.032],GG基因型得分明显高于GA和AA组。TPH1的-6526A/G各基因型组间IQ的差异无统计学意义。按父亲的受教育程度分组时,3组患儿FIQ及VIQ的差异有统计学意义（F=3.664 P=0.027;F=5.261 P=0.006）;按母亲的受教育程度分组时,3组患儿FIQ及VIQ的差异有统计学意义（F=4.894 P=0.008;F=5.043 P=0.007）。经多因素分析,HTR2A基因型和母亲受教育程度进入回归方程,二者均对患儿的FIQ和VIQ有影响。结论HTR2A的-1438A/G多态性及母亲的受教育程度与中国汉族ADHD患儿的智商相关。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the relationship between the 5 - hydroxytryptamine （ 5 - HT） and its receptor gene （ HTR2A ） - 1438A/G or tryptophan hydroxylase gene （ TPHI ） - 6526A/G polymorphism or other factors and the intelligence in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）. Methods Three hundred and sixty - six Chinese Han descent ADHD children,ascertained according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders the 4^th edition （ DSM - Ⅳ ） were included. The quantitative traits of psychometric intelligence quotient （IQ） were calculated by the Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （C -WISC）. All subjects＇ genotypes of polymorphism of HTR2A gene -1438A/G and TPH1 gene -6526A/G were identified with the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The demographical information on the family including parent＇s educational attainment level was gathered. ADHD children were divided into 3 groups according to the genotypes,such as GG,GA and AA. ADHD children were also divided into 3 groups according to the parent＇ educational attainment levels. Results The average scores [ including the Full Scale IQ（ FIQ）, and Verbal Scale IQ（VIQ） ] did significantly differ among different groups defined by genotypes of HTR2A gene - 1438A/G polymorphism （ F = 5. 238 P = 0. 006 ; F = 6. 052 P = 0. 003 ）. ADHD children with GG genotype of HTR2A gene - 1438A/G polymorphism performed significantly better on FIQ and VIQ than did children with GA and AA genotypes[ P（FIQ） = 0. 003,0. 042 ;P（VIQ） = 0. 001,0. 0321. There were no significant differences among the 3 genotypes of TPH1 gene - 6526A/G polymorphism. Father＇ s educational attainment level would contribute to both the FIQ and VIQ of 3 ADHD groups （F = 3. 664 P = 0. 027 ;F = 5. 261 P = 0. 006）. Mother＇s educational attainment level would contribute to the F1Q and VIQ of 3 ADHD groups （F=4. 894 P=0. 008;F=5. 043 P=0.007）. Through the multifactor linear regression analysis,geno