中文摘要：

简要介绍了含氟表面活性剂的结构、性质和分类，详细阐述了目前工业生产含氟表面活性剂的3种合成方法以及各种方法的优缺点，最后讨论了含氟表面活性剂在石油工业、消防和生物医药等领域的应用现状，并展望了其研究开发方向及发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Structure, properties and classification of fluorocarbon surfactants were briefed. Three current methods for synthesizing fluorocarbon surfactants in commercial scale as well as their advantages and disadvantages were described in detail. The applications of fluorocarbon surfactants in petroleum industry, fire - fighting, biomedicine et al were discussed. Future development trend of this kind of surfactant was prospected.