中文摘要：

目的 探讨腹膜透析患者疾病及治疗状态下的生理、心理体验及其影响因素,为提出改善慢性肾脏病患者生存质量的措施提供依据。方法 在甘肃省某医院透析室腹膜透析患者中采用目标饱和抽样获得研究样本、通过半结构式访谈法对研究对象进行个人深入访谈获得研究对象在当前疾病及治疗状态下的生理、心理感受的资料,运用Nvivo 7.0定性资料辅助分析软件及Colaizzi现象分析法对访谈资料进行整理和分析。结果 腹膜透析患者普遍有导管出口感染的直接生理不适;有头晕、失眠、便秘等日常生理机能的失常以及抵抗力下降所致的感冒频发。心理方面主要为对长期治疗费用的担心;各种持续的消极情绪影响了健康观和生命观、尤其男性患者多为消极应对态度;多有对无法履行家庭责任的歉疚、对家庭和社会支持的渴望。结论 腹膜透析患者普遍存在生理、心理的不良体验,对患者的生命活动造成直接或间接的不良影响。严格规范医护人员透析操作技术、全方位关心患者的生命质量;加强以家庭为中心的疾病管理健康教育;呼吁和推动欠发达地区卫生资源配置政策、维护晚期肾脏病患者的医疗保障权益、构建满足患者个性化的包括生理、心理、社交等立体的社会支持系统对腹膜透析患者十分必要。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the physiological and psychological experience and influencing factors among peritoneal dialysis patients in the process of disease and treatment in order to provide the evidence for improving the patients＇ quality of life. Methods The peritoneal dialysis patients were interviewed by semi-structured interviews in one hospital dialysis center of Gansu Province by target saturation sampling. The data of physical and psychological feeling were obtained through individual in-depth interviews. The data processing was conducted by Nvivo 7.0 software and Colaizzi＇ s method of phenomenological analysis. Results In the aspect of physiology, peritoneal dialysis patients generally had direct physical problems of export catheter infection, dizziness, insomnia, constipation, etc. As well as the daily physiological function disorder and frequent cold. Worrying about the costs of treatment was the major problem and various constant negative emotions affect the value of life, especially among males. Feeling guilty for unable fulfill family responsibility and the desire for the family and social support were exist. Widespread physiological and psychological adverse experience had direct or indi- rect adverse impact on the patients. Conclusion It is necessary for peritoneal dialysis patients to improve the diagnosis and treatment technology and to enhance the family functioning with disease management and health education. And it is necessary to call for and promote health resource allocation policy in less developed areas to maintain medical insurance rights and interests of patients with advanced kidney disease, and to build personalized three-dimensional support system including physical, psychological, social contact for peritoneal dialysis patients.