中文摘要：

目的亚洲小车蝗（Oedaleus asiaticus）是中国北方草原区和农牧交错区发生危害最严重的蝗虫之一，一年一代，以卵在土壤中越冬。通过测定亚洲小车蝗卵不同发育阶段及低温驯化后卵的过冷却点及体内小分子糖醇和氨基酸含量，以揭示亚洲小车蝗卵抗寒性的生理生化机理。方法从四子王旗葛根塔拉草原采回亚洲小车蝗成虫，置于产卵笼内用玉米叶饲养，每日收集卵囊。将卵囊放入盛有土壤的塑料杯中后，置于25℃恒温条件下进行培养，以获得不同发育阶段的卵。同时，将当天产下的卵囊置于0℃低温培养箱中进行低温驯化，以获得不同驯化时间的卵。采用热电偶法测定卵的过冷却点，分别采用高效液相色谱法和氨基酸自动分析仪测定小分子糖醇和氨基酸含量。结果在25℃的恒温条件下，从卵产出至产后120 d，亚洲小车蝗卵的过冷却点逐渐降低，氨基酸总量变化不显著，而小分子糖醇含量变化显著。在蝗卵内共检测到17种氨基酸，其中谷氨酸含量最高（7.20—8.35 mg·100 mg-1），其次为天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸和丙氨酸，胱氨酸和蛋氨酸含量最低（0.51—0.88 mg·100 mg-1）。过冷却点与脯氨酸、丙氨酸及甘氨酸含量呈负相关关系，而与天冬氨酸、胱氨酸及亮氨酸含量呈正相关关系。在亚洲小车蝗卵内均检测到6种小分子糖醇，其含量在不同发育阶段均差异显著。其中，甘油含量最高（56.14—160.00μg·g-1），其次为海藻糖（13.60—51.13μg·g-1）和山梨醇（3.14—72.30μg·g-1），再次为肌醇（3.19—22.15μg·g-1）和葡萄糖（3.59—25.40μg·g-1），果糖含量最低（1.28—11.33μg·g-1）。随着卵的发育，卵体内海藻糖、甘油、肌醇和山梨醇的含量上升，葡萄糖含量下降，而果糖含量在产卵后90 d内处于升高趋势，120 d时急剧下降。除果糖外，过冷却?

英文摘要：

Objective] The band-winged grasshopper,Oedaleus asiaticus Bei-Bienko, is one of the most dominant and economically important grasshopper species in the steppe grasslands and farming-pastoral ecotone in northern China. This grasshopper is an univoltine species and overwinters as eggs in soil. The supercooling points and the contents of low molecular sugars and polyols, and amino acids in its eggs were examined at different developmental stages for understanding of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms on its cold hardiness.[Method]Adult grasshoppers were collected from the Gegentala grassland, Siziwang Flag, and put into the oviposition cages and reared on fresh corn leaves. Egg pods were collected daily and put into plastic cups filled with soil, which were incubated at 25℃ to obtain the eggs in different developmental durations. Meanwhile, some egg pods were put into an incubator after oviposition and acclimated at 0℃ to get the eggs with different acclimation times. The supercooling points were measured by thermocouple method. Low molecular sugars and polyols, and amino acids were quantified by using high performance liquid chromatograph （HPLC） and automatic amino acid analyzer, respectively.[Result] The supercooling points decreased gradually and the total contents of amino acids did not change significantly whereas the contents of low molecular sugars and polyols changed significantly along with the egg development at 25℃ from the first day to 120 d after oviposition. Seventeen amino acids were found, among which glutamate content was the highest （7.20-8.35 mg？100 mg-1）, followed by aspartic acid, leucine, praline, tyrosine, valine and alanine, cystine and methionine was the least （0.51-0.88 mg？100 mg-1）. The supercooling points had negative correlations with the contents of praline, alanine and glycine, whereas positive correlations with those of aspartic acid, cystine and leucine. All six kinds of low molecular sugars and polyols were detected and their contents were significant