中文摘要：

为了准确刻画地震信号的局部层次结构,实现高效率的三维地震资料瞬时谱分解,检测油气储层的低频阴影,构造了广义S变换.广义S变换通过引入两个参数,改造S变换的小波函数,使其小波能根据信号处理的具体应用需要而调整.模型信号的仿真发现,广义S变换具有更加优越和灵活可调的时频聚集性能.文中分析了低频阴影的机理,并利用广义S变换对三维实际地震资料进行了瞬时谱分解,它不仅能检测油气储层的低频阴影,而且可以刻画油气储层的岩性边界和空间展布,减小油气储层检测的多解性.

英文摘要：

In order to depict the local fine structure of seismic signal,implement instantaneous spectral decomposition of 3D seismic data with high computational efficiency and detect low frequency shadow related to gas reservoirs,a generalized S transform（GST）was presented in the paper.GST alters the fixed wavelet basis of existing S transform by introducing two parameters.The wavelet basis of GST is adjustable in accordance with the real application.The results in the simulation of signal model demonstrate that GST is more adaptive with more excellent time-frequency localization.The mechanism of low frequency shadow is introduced here.GST is applied in instantaneous spectral decomposition of real 3D seismic data.The method can not only detect low frequency shadow but also indicate the lithologic edge and spatial distribution of gas reservoirs,which decreases the uncertainty in gas reservoirs detection.