中文摘要：

电喷雾萃取电离（EESI）技术是近年发展起来的一种可以在无需样品预处理的条件下对复杂基体样品进行直接质谱分析的新兴离子化技术．该技术能对液体、气溶胶、固体表面、黏性样品等不同形态样品进行分析．本文介绍了EESI技术的工作原理，系统阐述了EESI-MS技术在实际样品分析中的实现方式和技术特点，对EESI-MS现有的应用进行了简要的归纳和评述，展望了EESI技术在食品医药安全、公共安全、化学反应机理研究、代谢组学、蛋白质分析、临床诊断、环境监测等领域中的应用前景．

英文摘要：

Extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry （EESI-MS）, an ambient ionization technique for direct analysis of complex samples without sample pretreatment, is undergoing rapid development, and has been wildly used in the analysis of liquids, aerosols, solid surfaces and viscous liquids. In this paper, the mechanism of EESI is introduced, the specific implementations and characteristics of EESI-MS in the analysis of real samples are described, and the new applications of EESI-MS are discussed. Moreover, the usability of EESI-MS in the field of food and drug safety; public security; chemical reaction mechanisms; metabolomics; protein analysis; clinical diagnostic and environmental monitoring are exemplified using cases demonstrated in the literature.