中文摘要：

3-硝基苯并蒽酮是一种普遍存在的环境污染物,被疑为人类致癌物,可在多种环境介质,如土壤、雨水、大气等中检出。其在汽车尾气中的含量特别高,可能主要来源于燃烧过程的释放。生物试验证明,3-硝基苯并蒽酮在体内和体外均具有极强的致突变性和遗传毒性,与已知最强致突变剂1,8-二硝基芘相当。由于其超强的致突变能力,成为环境化学和毒理学关注的焦点。本文着重阐述了环境中3-硝基苯并蒽酮的研究现状,包括其来源、分析方法、致突变的机理、环境效应等,并对其未来研究方向和趋势作了展望。

英文摘要：

3-Nitrobenzanthrone is a widespread environmental pollutant and suspected to be carcinogenic for human beings.It is detectable in different environmental media,for example,surface soil,rainwater,airborne particulate matter,etc.Because its concentration is the highest in diesel exhaust,the dominant sources of 3-nitrobenzanthrone are probably unidentified combustion process.The mutagenicity and genotoxicity of 3-nitrobenzanthrone by biological assays both in vivo and in vitro are very high,comparable to 1,8-dinitropyrene,which is the direct mutagen of strongest activity so far reported in the literature.Therefore,3-nitrobenzanthrone has become one of the highlights in the fields of environmental chemistry and toxicology.This paper summaries the present studies on 3-nitrobenzanthrone,including the sources,analytical techniques,mutation mechanisms,environmental effects,and so on.The future research directions have also been prospected.