中文摘要：

采用寇式改良法研究了四氟硼酸化1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性，考察了烷基侧链长度对毒性的影响，同时采用HE染色法观察了离子液体对小鼠胃、小肠、大肠、肝和肾组织的损害．结果表明，4种离子液体（[cn mim]BF4，n=10、12、14、18）对小鼠的肠、肝、肾等组织均有损伤，其LD50值在56．16～214．18mg·kg-1之间，为中等毒性．四氟硼酸化1-烷基-3-甲基眯唑离子液体对小鼠的急性毒性与烷基侧链长度有关，当碳链长度为14时，毒性最强．

英文摘要：

Karber＇s modified method was adopted to evaluate the acute toxicity of ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoborat [ C, mim ] BF4 （ n = 10,12,14,18） with varying alkyl chain lengths to mice. The tissues lesion of mouse, such as stomach, small and large intestine, liver and kidney, were observed by hematoxylin-eosin. The results showed that four ILs, including [ Cl0mim] BF4 , [ C12mim] BF4 , [ Cl4mim] BF4 and [ Cismim] BF4 , all produced damage to intestine, liver and kidney in mice, and the LD50 of ILs ranged from 56.16 to 214.18 mgkg-1 , indicating a medium toxicity. The acute toxicity of four ILs to mice was related to the length of side chain, and the ILs with the alkyl chain length of fourteen had the strongest toxicity.