中文摘要：

目的了解农村留守儿童忽视现况及影响因素。方法在安徽省长丰县以学校为单位整群抽取2917名中小学生作为研究对象，采用自编的中小学生身心健康状况及相关经历调查问卷对目标人群忽视情况进行调查和分析。结果调查的2917名学生中留守儿童1694名，占学生总数的58．1％；儿童总忽视率、留守儿童忽视率、非留守儿童忽视率分别为67．4％、70．2％、63．5％。留守儿童忽视率高于非留守儿童，差异有统计学意义（χ2=14．322，P〈0．000）；留守儿童不同性别、年龄忽视率差异无统计学意义。留守儿童忽视多因素分析结果显示：家庭功能障碍（相对于家庭功能良好，家庭功能中度和重度障碍OR值分别为1．628和2．341）、父母外出打工时与留守儿童联系频率较低（相对于经常联系，有时联系和很少联系OR值分别为1．299和1．844）是其危险因素；留守起始年龄较早（相对于留守时年龄≥11岁，留守时年龄6～10岁和≤5岁OR值分别为0．703和0．630）对于忽视是其保护因素。结论该地区留守儿童忽视现象普遍存在，其发生可能是多因素综合作用的结果，制定预防措施时应综合考虑儿童自身和家庭的因素。

英文摘要：

Objective To understand the status and influential factors of those neglect of left-behind children in rural area, and to provide bases for the development of intervention measures. Methods 2917 students were selected as the study subjects from Changfeng county of Anhui province with cluster sampling method and were evaluated by a Parents-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and questionnaire on influential factors. Results 1694 left-behind children, accounted for 58.1% of the total students, were surveyed in this investigation. The prevalence rates of neglect, among total children, left-behind children, non-left-behind children were 67.4%, 70.2%, 63.5%, respectively. The prevalence of neglect among left-behind children was higher than that among non-left-behind children （ Z2= 14.322, P〈0.000）. There were no significant associations with the neglect rate of left-behind children regarding gender or age differences. Result from multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the neglect among the left-behind children were associated with family dysfunction （OR values of moderate and serious family dysfunctions compared to good family function were 1.628 and 2.341, respectively） and the rate of keeping in touch with parents （OR values of sometimes and seldom keeping in touch compared to regular in touch were 1.299 and 1.844, respectively）. The starting age of being left-behind（OR values of starting age that being left-behind from 6 to 10 and 45 years relative to starting age of left-behind 〉~ 11 years were 0.703 and 0.630, respectively）appeared to be the protection factor to the neglect of those left-behind children. Conclusion Our findings indicated that the status of neglect among the left-behind children was serious. Prevention programs on the issue should target on a number of factors, including the characteristics of the chldren them-selves, as well as on the family of the children.