中文摘要：

通过田间试验,研究了玉米单作、大豆单作、玉米-大豆套作3种种植模式和不施氮、减量施氮（180kgN·hm^-2）、常量施氮（240kgN·hm^-2）3种施氮水平对玉米和大豆植株氮素吸收、土壤氮素残留和氮肥损失的影响.结果表明：玉米-大豆套作体系下,施氮提高了玉米土壤中残留的NO3--N、NH4＋-N含量,但在大豆土壤中则降低.与单作相比,玉米套作的土壤氮素残留量增加,氮肥损失量降低,大豆套作的土壤氮素残留量和氮肥损失量均降低.减量施氮处理下,玉米-大豆套作系统的氮肥残留率、损失率和氨挥发损失率分别比玉米单作低17.7%、21.5%和0.4%,比大豆单作高2.0%、19.8%和0.1%.与常量施氮相比,减量施氮降低了玉米-大豆套作系统的氮肥残留量、残留率、损失量和损失率,同时还降低了由氨挥发所引起的氮肥损失,其中氮肥残留率、损失率和氨挥发损失率分别降低12.0%、15.4%和1.2%.

英文摘要：

A field experiment was conducted in 2012, including three planting pattern （maize- soybean relay strip intercropping, mono-cuhured maize and soybean） and three nitrogen application level [0 kg N·hm^-2, 180 kg N ·hm^-2（reduced N） and 240 kg N·hm^-2（normal N） ]. Fields were assigned to different treatments in a randomized block design with three replicates. The objec- tive of this work was to analyze the effects of planting patterns and nitrogen application rates on plant N uptake, soil N residue and N loss. After fertilization applications, NH4 ＋-N and NO3--N levels in- creased in the soil of intercropped maize but decreased in the soil of intercropped soybean. Com- pared with mono-crops, the soil N residue and loss of intercropped soybean were reduced, while those of intercropped maize were increased and decreased, respectively. With the reduced rate of N application, N residue rate, N loss rate and ammonia volatilization loss rate of the maize-soybean intercropping relay strip system were decreased by 17.7%, 21.5% and 0.4% compared to mono- cultured maize, but increased by 2.0%, 19.8% and 0.1% compared to mono-cultured soybean, respectively. Likewise, the reduced N application resulted in reductions in N residue, N loss, and the N loss via ammonia volatilization in the maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system compared with the conventional rate of N application adopted by local farmers, and the N residue rate, N loss rate and ammonia volatilization loss rate reduced by 12.0% , 15.4% and 1.2%, respectively.