中文摘要：

为在团结期间形成的 macrosegregation 的预言的一个二阶段的模型被介绍。这个模型合并对热转移的描述，为谷物成核和生长与显微镜的关系在系统规模上融化传送对流，溶质运输，和稳固的运动。然后，模型被用来模仿一个基准的团结工业 3.3-t 钢铸块锭。模拟被执行在最后的 macrosegregation 模式上调查谷物运动和管子收缩形成的效果。模型预言从文学与试验性的数据和数字结果相比。模型能在铸块锭表示全面 macrosegregation 模式，这被表明。而且，结果证明在建模考虑 equiaxed 谷物和管子收缩的形成的运动是必要的。为未来模型改进的几个问题被识别。

英文摘要：

A two-phase model for the prediction of macrosegregation formed during solidification is presented. This model incorporates the descriptions of heat transfer, melt convection, solute transport, and solid movement on the system scale with microscopic relations for grain nucleation and growth. Then the model is used to simulate the solidification of a benchmark industrial 3.3-t steel ingot. Simulations are per- formed to investigate the effects of grain motion and pipe shrinkage formation on the final macrosegregation pattern. The model predictions are compared with experimental data and numerical results from literatures. It is demonstrated that the model is able to express the overall macrosegregation patterns in the ingot. Furthermore, the results show that it is essential to consider the motion of equiaxed grains and the formation of pipe shrinkage in modelling. Several issues for future model improvements are identified.