中文摘要：

人胚胎干细胞（hESCs）因具有无限增殖能力以及多向分化潜能,使其能为糖尿病的细胞治疗提供充足且功能完备的替代细胞。近年来,虽然有许多成功将人胚胎干细胞诱导为胰岛素阳性细胞的报道,但诱导所得的胰岛素阳性细胞仍存在很多缺陷,如效率较低,细胞功能不完备等。本文将关注人们在提高人胚胎干细胞向胰岛素阳性细胞的诱导效率及获得具有成熟β细胞功能的胰岛素阳性细胞的各种努力和尝试。

英文摘要：

Human embryonic stem ceils can be expanded indefinitely in the undifferentiated state and still retain the capacity for multilineage differentiation, which make hESCs are the perfect replacement resources for the cell-based treatments for Diabetes meUitus. In recent years, although there are many successful reports on production of insulin-positive cells from human embryonic stem cells, there are still many defects in the insulin-producing cells derived from hESCs, such as low efficiency of cell induction, and these cells were not able to produce increased insulin in response to a glucose load or induced diabetes, a crucial element of glycaemic control. This article will focus on various efforts and attempts in the aspect of improving the efficiency of inducing human embryonic stem cells into insulin-positive cells and obtaining mature β-cell function in insulin-positive cells.