中文摘要：

论文将测量个人收入分配差距的基尼系数方法引入到城镇居民消费差距的测定中。采用1992～2008年我国城镇居民各收入分组的消费数据，计算了食品、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通通讯、文教娱乐、居住七类消费分项指标的差距及其对总消费差距的贡献．并通过反事实方法模拟分析分项指标对总体消费差异的影响。研究发现：第一，城镇居民消费差距与收入差距保持同步的发展趋势，但消费基尼系数一般，J、于同期收入基尼系数；第二，尽管恩格尔系数的持续下降一直成为平抑居民消费差距的最重要因素，但其对总体差距的贡献程度呈逐步弱化态势；第三，交通通讯和文教娱乐消费，尤其是前者，已逐步成为影响居民总体消费差距的重要力量；第四，虽然居民家庭设备消费差距一直高居不下，但是其对总体消费差距影响程度呈现出逐步弱化趋向。

英文摘要：

Gini coefficients （GC） method is used in this paper to determinate the consumption gap of urban residents in China. The paper calculates the gap among seven categories consumption index and describes its contribution to Aggregate Consumption by the consumption data in income groups of urban residents in China from 1992 to 2008. The seven categories include food, clothing, household appliances and services, medicine and medical services, transportation and communication, education and recreation, and housing. Then, counterfactual simulation analyses are taken out of the influence on Aggregate Consumption by seven indexes. The result shows： Firstly, the consumption GC keeps the same trend as the income GC, but the former is generally less than the latter on the same period; secondly, food consumption is the most important factor to stabilize the gap among different consumers, but its contribution to the gap of the overall extent tends gradually weaker; thirdly, transportation and communication in particular, as well as education and recreation, gradually become a key influence; fourthly, the gap among residents＇ spending in household appliances and services is stubbornly high, but its impact on the overall consumption gap tends gradually weaker.