中文摘要：

以新疆焦煤集团艾维尔沟矿区5”煤层走向长壁大采高开采为工程背景，针对其硬顶、软底、软煤的赋存特点，采用实验室相似材料模拟的研究方法，实现了从开切眼到停采中走向方向上的全过程相似实验模拟。通过对实验数据的整理和分析，在大采高的开采条件下，工作面支架受载情况在数值的大小上呈现“一大一小”，在数值的变化上呈现“稳定一基本稳定一变化剧烈”的规律，并在一定程度上反映出工作面矿压显现的剧烈程度；煤壁前方的应力峰值随着工作面的推进而向前移动，其呈现先增大后减小再增大的趋势，其峰值的应力集中系数较大，而起伏变化较小；上覆岩层的位移存在先小后大的变化规律，在实验过程中，存在“切顸”现象，具有明显的“三带”分布特征。

英文摘要：

Base on the strike longwall high cutting mining face in No. 5 seam of Aiwei~rgou Mining Area, Xinjiang Coking Coal Group as an engineering background, according to the deposit features of the hard roof, soft floor and soft coal, a study method of the lab similar material simulation was applied to realize a full process similar experiment simulation in the strike direction from the open - off cut to the mining terminal. With the preparation and analysis on the experiment data, under the mining condition with a high cutting, the numerical value size of the powered support loaded would be ＂one high and one low＂. The numerical variation would have a law of ＂stable - basic stable - serious variation＂ and could reflect the serious degree of the mine strata pressure behaviors. The stress peak in the front of the coal wall would move forward with the advancing forward of the coal mining face and would be firstly increased and then reduced. Late the stress peak in the front of the coal wall would be again increased in tendency, the stress concentration coefficient of the peak would he large and the waving variation would be low. The displacement of the overburden strata would have a variation law from small firstly and high secondary. During the experiment process, there was a ＂roof cutting＂ phenomenon occurred and obvious ＂three zone＂ distribution features.