中文摘要：

星形胶质细胞可通过调节突触可塑性、与神经元之间形成代谢偶联和维持神经系统内环境稳态等影响机体认知功能，并在以认知功能障碍为主要表现的精神疾病、神经退行性疾病和术后认知功能障碍等病理状态下发挥重要作用。激活的星形胶质细胞产生并释放胶质递质、细胞因子和神经营养因子等，发挥神经损伤和保护的双重作用。本文结合近年来研究，综述星形胶质细胞对机体认知功能的影响，以期为相关疾病的临床治疗提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

Astrocytes can affect the cognitive function by regulating synaptic plasticity, forming metabolic coupling with neurons and maintaining the homeostasis of the nervous system, and also play an important role in the pathologic process of the diseases characterized by cognitive impairments, such as mental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Activated astrocyte can produce and release gliotransmitters, cytokines and neurotrophins, and play a dual role in nerve damage and protection. This review summarized the effect of astrocytes on the cognitive function in order to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of the related diseases.