中文摘要：

目的探讨陕南农村地区6~12月龄婴儿的贫血发生情况及其风险因素。方法采用问卷调查方法收集陕南农村地区6~12月龄婴儿的个人和家庭基本情况、喂养行为信息,并测定血红蛋白含量。采用多因素logistic逐步回归法分析婴儿贫血发生的风险因素。结果共有1 802例婴儿及其家庭参与该调查,有效样本1 770例。婴儿贫血检出865例（48.87%,865/1 770）。多因素logistic逐步回归分析显示,生后一直母乳喂养（多未科学添加辅食）增加婴儿患贫血的风险（OR=1.768,P〈0.01）;辅食添加符合WHO推荐的最小进餐频率标准（OR=0.779,P〈0.05）及使用配方奶喂养（OR=0.658,P〈0.01）是婴儿贫血的保护因素。结论在陕南农村地区6~12月龄婴儿贫血依然是严重的公共卫生问题。喂养不当会增加婴儿贫血的风险,减少婴儿贫血的关键是科学添加辅食。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia and related risk factors in infants aged 6-12 months from rural areas of southern Shaanxi Province.Methods A questionnaire survey was used to collect the basic information on infants aged 6-12 months and their families from rural areas of southern Shaanxi Province,China.The content of hemoglobin was measured in these infants.A multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors for the development of anemia in infants.Results A total of 1 802 infants and their families participated in the survey,and there were 1 770 valid samples.A total of 865 infants（865/1 770,48.87%） were found to have anemia.The multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that breastfeeding after birth（lack of scientific supplementary food） increased the risk of anemia in infants（OR=1.768,P〈0.01）.Addition of supplementary food which met the criteria for minimum feeding frequency recommended by WHO（OR=0.779,P〈0.05） and formula milk feeding（OR=0.658,P〈0.01） were protective factors against anemia in infants.Conclusions In the rural areas in southern Shaanxi Province,anemia in infants aged 6-12 months is still a serious public health problem.Improper feeding can increase the risk of anemia in infants,and scientific addition of supplementary food is the key to reducing anemia in infants.