中文摘要：

已有文献主要围绕企业组织创新展开探讨，有关非营利组织创新的研究相对较少。在文献回顾的基础上，利用非营利组织问卷调查取得的数据，通过因子分析法提出并验证了非营利组织创新的三维结构模型：创新氛围、管理创新和服务创新。结构方程建模分析的结果表明，非营利组织创新对顾客绩效有直接显著的正向影响，顾客绩效在非营利组织创新与财务绩效的关系中起完全中介作用。

英文摘要：

Most of existing literatures are concentrated on the organizational innovation of enterprises （forprofit organizations） and fewer studies are about organizational innovation of nonprofit organizations （NPOs）. In this study, by analyzing the questionnaire from China＇s NPOs with factor analysis, the construct of nonprofit organizational innovation （NOI） is explored and verified, which includes three dimensions： innovation climate, management innovation and service innovation. Empirical results obtained from Structural Equation Modeling （SEM） reveal that, NOI has direct positive impact on their customer performance and customer performance plays a full mediating role between the NOI and financial performance. Our research conclusions are useful for NPOs to understand and implement organizational innovation strategy.