中文摘要：

目的探讨杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体（killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor,KIR）的多态性、KIR基因型及单倍型与乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染不同转归之间的相关性。方法以肝癌高发的启东地区HBV感染男性人群为研究对象,随访10年后对其再次进行血清学检测,按照HBsAg是否转阴分为HBsAg转阴组（161例）和HBsAg持续阳性组（493例）。采用序列特异性引物PCR方法进行KIR分型,用χ2检验对KIR等位基因阳性率、KIR基因型、KIR单倍型进行统计学分析。结果 HBsAg转阴组KIR2DS4（d）、单倍型1和基因型AG的频率高于HBsAg持续阳性组（P=0.014、P=0.029、P=0.048）;KIR2DL5的频率低于HBsAg持续阳性组（P=0.044）。结论江苏启东地区KIR2DS4（d）、单倍型1和基因型AG可能是HBsAg转阴的保护因素,KIR2DL5可能是HBsAg持续阳性的风险因素。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the association of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor（KIR） gene diversity,KIR genotypes and haplotypes with the different outcome of HBV infection.Methods A cohort of Han population of Qidong,who live in an area of high prevalence of HBV infection,was investigated.Unrelated male individuals with hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）-positive in sera were enrolled in this study.They were followed up for 10 years and tested for HBV infection again.Among the 654 individuals,493 remained HBsAg-positive（HBV persistent infection group）,while 161 became HBsAg-negative（HBsAg clearance group）.Genomic DNA of each individual was extracted and 12 KIR genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers（PCR-SSP）.The data were analyzed by the chi-square test.Results In the HBsAg clearance group,the frequencies of KIR2DS4（d）,haplotype 1 and genotype AG were higher than those in HBV persistent infection group（P=0.014,P=0.029,P=0.048）,while the gene frequency of KIR2DL5 was lower than that of HBsAg persistent infection group（P=0.044）.Conclusion The results could suggested that KIR2DS4（d）,haplotype 1,genotype AG may be the protective genes that facilitated the clearance of HBsAg,and KIR2DL5 may play the role of HBsAg susceptive gene in the Han population of Qidong.