中文摘要：

利用2016年2月7-13日春节期间哈尔滨市11个监测站点空气质量监测数据,分析春节期间6种主要污染物时空特征,并与非燃放期间进行对比,进一步分析污染物的时空变化,同时结合气象降雪数据,探讨降雪天气对空气污染物造成的影响。结果表明：哈尔滨市春节期间空气污染物7 d平均浓度,PM（2.5）、PM（10）污染最严重的区域为香坊区,NO2污染最严重的区域为阿城区,SO2污染最严重的区域为道外区,CO和O3污染严重的区域为平房区;在除夕夜期间,烟花爆竹燃放对PM（2.5）、PM（10）和SO2浓度的短期影响极大,空气质量在短时间内迅速恶化,甚至成倍增长,在初一凌晨时浓度达到最大值,但对NO2、CO和O3的影响较小;烟花爆竹的燃放对空气中不同污染物的影响程度有所区别,对气态污染物SO2的贡献程度最大,其次,对大气粗颗粒物的贡献程度大于细颗粒物;降雪天气对空气污染物具有去除效应,其中,对大气粗颗粒物去除效应高于大气细颗粒物,而对气态污染物有较小影响。从空间上看,降雪天气对于城市边缘、城郊等区域的大气颗粒物的去除效应高于城市中心区域。

英文摘要：

Air quality monitoring data of the Spring Festival （7-13 February, 2016） collected from 11 Harbin municipal monitoring stations were analyzed regarding six major pollutant parameters in terms of spactio-temporal characteristics, which were compared with the monitoring data collected during the period without firecrackers setting-off; furthermore, combined with meteorological data during snowing weather, the effects of snowfall on the air pollutants were discussed. The results showed that PM2.5 and PM10 pollution was particularly serious in Xiangfang District of Harbin during the Spring Festival, while NO2 pollution the most serious in Acheng District, SO2 pollution in Daowai District, and CO and O3 in Pingfang District; fire- works and firecrackers setting-off greatly increased PM2.5, PM2.5 and SO2 concentrations, causing air quality rapid deterioration on the Lunar New Year Eve, the concentrations doubled, till the early morning of Lunar New Year Day when three kinds of air pollutant concentration went up to a maximum value; however, the impacts of the setting-off of fireworks and firecrackers on NO2,CO and 03 were relatively small. In conclusion, the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers made the greatest contribution to the extent of gaseous pollutants SO2, and secondly, the atmosphere coarse PM （the fine PM less）; snowfall was conducive to the removal of the pollutants, particularly, among others, the atmospheric particles （coarse more than fine）, but removal of the gaseous pollutants was less. From the spatial perspectives the effect of snowing weather on the removal of atmospheric PM was higher at the suburban areas and urban fringe than that in the downtown area.