中文摘要：

斯沃特曼矿是一种形成于煤矿酸性水环境中的铁的含水硫酸盐矿物，具有很高的比表面积和不稳定性，对煤矿酸性水中有害微量元素的吸附和迁移活性具有重要影响。运用扫描电镜（SEW/EDX）和粉末X射线衍射等手段，通过测定和对比，鉴别了中国的煤矿酸性矿排水渠中存在斯沃特曼矿物，在实验室中模拟酸性水环境对煤中非均质黄铁矿进行氧化反应试验，结果显示，反应产物中存在斯沃特曼矿物，并且认为随着反应时间的延长。斯沃特曼矿物逐渐向针铁矿转变。

英文摘要：

Schwertmannite was recognized as a Fe oxyhydroxy sulfate mineral and generally is formed in the acid mine drainage. In mining areas schwertmannite may play an important role in removing metals and metalloids from solutions due to its high specific surface area and metastable. This study identified the existence of schwertnannite in the acid drainage from coal mines in Claim by SEM/EDX and XRD. The simulating experiment of oxidation reaction was made on heterogeneous pyrite from coal seams. The result showed that in the reactant there was some schwertmannite and it is considered that the mineral was formed directly from solution and subsequently transformed into goethite.