中文摘要：

以天然矿物纤蛇纹石制备的氧化硅纳米线为氧化剂和模板,镁粉为还原剂,采用镁热还原法制备了系列硅纳米线。利用热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对其进行表征。结果表明：温度对反应产物硅的结构和形貌有显著影响,随着温度的上升,样品的结晶度先减小后增大;在温度650℃条件下硅＂继承＂了氧化硅纳米线的微观结构,而随着温度升高至700℃纳米线的结构出现坍塌,形成硅纳米颗粒。

英文摘要：

The silicon nanowire were prepared by magnesiothermic reduction method using silicon oxide nanowire oxidant and templates,Mg powder as reductant. The samples were characterized by the thermal analysis,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope（ SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（ TEM）. The results show that the temperature plays a crucial role on the structure and morphology of silicon. As the reaction temperature increasing,the crystallinities of samples decreased firstly and then increased,silicon inherited the microstructure of the original templates at 650 ℃. However,the nanowire structure collapsed when the temperature reaches to 700 ℃,and convert to nanoparticles.