中文摘要：

从自然环境中分离出多种微生物分别进行纯培养获得其稳定的菌落形态,并将其与埃迪卡拉纪某些生物属性归属存在较大争议的化石进行形态对比研究,发现其中从砂岩型铀矿矿石分离出的铁球菌（Sphaerococcus）,在利用Winogradsky培养基进行富集和纯培养后,形成的菌落与埃迪卡拉纪的某些盘状化石（如Tirasiana concentralis,Cyclomedusa）具有相似的形态和结构。研究还发现,铁球菌菌落不仅形态稳定,而且质地坚硬,具有一定的抗压实作用。因此,其压痕完全有可能在地层中保存。本项研究表明埃迪卡拉纪的部分盘状化石很可能是微生物菌落的压痕,因而为解释一些盘状化石的生物属性提供了新的思路。

英文摘要：

A number of microbial species isolated from the natural environment have been cultured in the laboratory so as to obtain the extant morphology of their colonies.These were then compared with certain discoidal Ediacara fossils whose affinities remain highly controversial.Our results show that 1） Iron-oxidizing bacterium Sphaerococcus when isolated from sandstone-type Uranium ore,enriched and cultured solely on Winogradsky medium,can form discoidal colonies with concentric growth zones,which resemble closely certain Ediacara discoidal fossils in morphology and structure,such as Tirasiana concentralis and Cyclomedusa;2） Sphaerococcus colonies are not only stable in form,but also have a rigid consistency and therefore are resistant to mechanical compaction to some extent.Therefore,it is entirely possible for such colonies to be preserved in rocks as impressions.Our research implies that some of the Ediacara fossils are likely to be impressions of microbial colonies.