中文摘要：

目的：探讨高度近视患者超声乳化吸除术后早期泪膜的改变。 方法：选择59例（70眼）行白内障超声乳化吸除术的高度近视患者（屈光度为石．00D- -17．25D），观察分析其术前、术后1d、1wk、1，3mo的主观感觉，泪膜破裂时间（break-up time，BUT），基础泪液分泌试验（Schimer试验）和角膜荧光素试验结果。比较各项结果在术后不同时间与术前的差异。 结果：与术前相比，患者术后1d，1wk，不适主诉增加，术眼BUT较术前缩短，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05），术后3mo接近术前水平，差异无显著性。术后1d、1wk角膜荧光素着色点明显增多，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。术后3mo接近术前水平，无显著差异。术后1d泪液分泌量增多，差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）。术后1wk，1，3mo接近术前水平，差异无显著性。 结论：高度近视患者超声乳化吸除术后早期即可出现泪膜异常改变，尤其表现为泪膜稳定性下降，因而，此类人群为干眼的易患人群。

英文摘要：

AIM： To study the early changes of tear film after phacoemulsification for cataract in high myopia. METHODS： Fifty-nine patients （70 eyes） with high myopia cataract （diopter -6. 00D- -17. 25D） who had undergone phacoemulsification were randomly selected. The evaluation included subjective complaints of dry eye, tear break-up time （BUT）, Schirmer I test and corneal fluorescein staining were analyzed before surgery and 1 day, 1 week, 1 and 3 months postoperatively. RESULTS： Subjective complaints of dry eye increased and the mean tear break-up time was significantly reduced （P〈0.05） on day 1 and 1 week after operation. However, all values recovered to preoperative levels by the time of the third month follow-up visit. Corneal fluorescein staining score increased greatly when measured at day 1 and 1 week visit （P〈0.05）, but had returned to preoperative values at the third month visit. The mean Sit value increased significantly on day 1 postoperatively （ P 〈 0.05） , and returned to the preoperative value after 1 week. CONCLUSION： During the early stage after phacoemulsification, tear film in high myopia may present abnormal changes, mainly in tear stability. They tend to get dry eyes.