中文摘要：

目的 探讨直立姿势对不对称应力下脊柱侧凸易感性及侧凸曲线进展规律的影响。方法 实验分为双足鼠组、四足鼠组、双足鼠假手术对照组。倚重双足鼠模拟人类直立姿势的特点，采用肩胛间区后正中切口，沿竖脊肌与躯干肌间隙，以4号丝线行左侧肋骨根部高（T2-3或T34）、低位（T10-11或T11-12）栓系，造成不对称应力，模拟原发性胸弯。术后1、2、3、4、6、8周跟踪拍摄X线脊柱正位片，动态观察各组侧凸转归及曲线进展趋势在双足鼠与四足鼠中的差别。结果 手术造成双足鼠、四足鼠组凸向右的初始胸弯或胸腰段单弯。术后1～4周，所有不对称栓系均因栓系点肋骨骨折或骨溶解吸收而松脱。四足鼠组于栓系松脱后1～4周脊柱侧凸全部消失，脊柱曲线恢复正常。栓系1周断裂的双足鼠同样侧凸消失，但随着不对称栓系时间的延长，侧凸进展率显著增长，栓系持续3～4周即出现不可复性脊柱侧凸。双足鼠侧凸的进展规律呈现多样化特点，包括稳定性单胸弯、进展性胸腰段单弯、进展性双弯，侧凸形态与人类特发性脊柱侧凸相似。空白手术对照双足鼠无侧凸形成。结论 直立姿势增加脊柱对不对称应力的致弯易感性；直立姿势改变脊柱侧凸的进展规律，导致原发性胸弯进展过程中侧凸形态变化的多样性，并诱发脊柱侧凸的曲线代偿现象。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the impact of upright posture on spine susceptability in seolinsis and scoliotie curve progression patterns. Methods There were 3 groups designed in the experiment： bipedal rats group （ n = 26 ）, quadrupedal rats group （n= 26 ） and sham operation bipedal eontrol（n = 12）. Taking the advantage of bipedal rats＇ upright-posture simulating effect, operations were exerted with posterior central approach between scapulas. Along the spatiam of erector spinae muscle and trunk muscles, left side upper（T2-3 or T3-4）and lower（T10-11 or 11-12）ribs were tethered with typo4 thread to make asymmetrical stress and simulate a primary thoracic curve. At time of 1,2,3,4,6 and 8 weeks post-operation（PO）, each group were taken dorsaventral X-ray photographs for dynamic observation on the difference of scohosis turnover and to compare the curvature progression difference between bipedal and quadrupedal rats. Results Operation resulted in a primary single thoracic curve or thoracolumbar curve eanvex to the right in both bipedal and quadrupedal rats. At 1-4weeks PO, all asymmetrical tethers became loose because of rib fracture or esteolysis at the tether sites. All scoliosis of quadrupedal rats disappeared and spine resume staight in 1-4weeks later. Analogically, scoliosis disappeared in bipedal rats for those tethers loose in 1w PO. But prolonged tethering, seoliosis progression rates increased conspicuously. 3-4weeks＇ tether lime led to irreversible seoliosis. Meanwhile, the curvature progression patterns of bipedal rats presented to be various, including the stable single thoracic curve, progressive thoracolumbar single curve and progressive double curve. These curvatures were much alike that of human idiopathic seoliosis. No scoliosis appeared in sham operation bipedal control. Conclusions The upright posture increased spinal susceptability in seoliosis;Upright posture changes the progression pattern of seoliosis, leading to variegated scoliotie morphouses during primary thoracic