中文摘要：

低压断路器是低压配电系统最为关键的保护和控制设备,低压电弧的数值仿真对于优化低压断路器的设计,提高其开断性能具有重要意义.给出了目前广泛应用的磁流体动力学电弧仿真模型的基本方程,从电弧转移、栅片切割、辐射、湍流等方面对现有的低压断路器仿真工作进行了回顾和总结,并对小型断路器、塑壳断路器等产品中的电弧仿真进行了介绍.同时指出了现有电弧模型存在的问题,给出了低压断路器电弧仿真今后的发展方向.

英文摘要：

Low vohage circuit breaker is the most critical protection and control equipment in low vohage distribution system, and numerical simulation of low voltage arc is significant for the optimization of its design and the improvement of its breaking performance. The basic equations of the most popular arc model based on magneto- hydrodynamics were presented, and the existing arc simulation work in low voltage circuit breaker were reviewed and summarized from the aspects of arc commutation, arc splitting, radiation and turbulence. At the same time, the existing problems of the arc model were pointed out and recommendations for further investigations were given.