中文摘要：

背景与目的局部晚期肺癌约占肺癌的35%-40%,其内科治疗平均生存6-8个月。本研究的目的是探讨和总结检测肺癌病人外周血＂微转移＂,对局部晚期肺癌病人进行＂分子分期＂,指导选择局部晚期肺癌手术适应症、术前新辅助化疗和术后辅助治疗的受益者,以及对局部晚期肺癌进行＂个体化外科治疗＂的可行性及其对长期生存的影响。方法应用RT-PCR检测516例局部晚期肺癌病人手术前外周血CK19mRNA表达（其中115例行术前新辅助化疗者在新辅助化疗前后分别检测病人外周血＂微转移＂）,对肺癌＂微转移＂进行＂分子诊断＂,对肺癌病人进行＂个体化分子分期＂,指导临床选择外科手术适应症、术前新辅助化疗和术后辅助治疗的获益者。回顾分析516例局部晚期肺癌基于＂分子分期＂的＂个体化外科治疗＂的长期生存结果。结果 516例病人中鳞癌322例,非鳞癌194例;P-TNM分期：IIIA期112例,IIIB期404例;＂个体化分子P-TNM分期＂：M-IIIA期：97例,M-IIIB期：278例,M-IV期：141例。本组病例行支气管肺动脉袖状成形肺叶切除256例;肺叶切除联合部分左心房切除重建41例;支气管肺动脉袖状成形联合上腔静脉切除重建90例;肺切除联合部分膈肌切除重建3例;支气管肺动脉袖状成形肺叶切除联合部分左心房切除重建30例;支气管肺动脉袖状成形联合主动脉鞘膜切除10例;右全肺切除联合左心房、右侧全部膈肌、下腔静脉和肝右静脉切除重建1例;肺切除联合气管隆突切除重建10例;支气管肺动脉袖状成形联合气管隆突切除重建和上腔静脉切除重建,或联合上腔静脉和左心房、或联合气管隆突和左心房切除重建55例。手术死亡5例,死亡率为0.97%。516例肺癌病人中141例外周血检测到CK19mRNA表达,阳性率为27.3%。肺癌病人外周血微转移阳性率与肺癌组织学类型、P-TNM分期、N分期等均有密切关系（P〈

英文摘要：

Background and objective Approximately 35%-40% of patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell Lung cancer have locally advanced disease. The average survival time of these patients only have 6-8 months with chemotherapy. The aim of this study is to explore and summarize the probability of detection of micrometastasis in peripheral blood for molecular staging, and for selection ofindication of surgical treatment, and beneficiary of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant therapy in locally advanced lung cancer; to summarize the long-time survival result of personalized surgical treatment of 516 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer based on molecular staging methods. Methods CK19 mRNA expression of peripheral blood samples was detected in 516 lung cancer patients by RT-PCR before operation for molecular diagnosis of micrometastasis, personalized molecular staging, and for selection ofindication of surgical treatment and the beneficiary of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer invaded heart, great vessels or both. The long-term survival result of personalized surgical treatment was retrospectively analyzed in 516 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer based on molecular staging methods. Results There were 322 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 194 cases with adenocarcinoma in the series of 516 patients with locally advanced lung cancer involved heart, great vessels or both. There were 112 patients with IIIA disease and 404 cases with IIIB disease according to P-TNM staging. There were 97 patients with M-IIIA disease, 278 cases with M-IIIB disease and 141 cases with III disease according to our personalized molecular staging. Of the 516 patients, bronchoplastic procedures and pulmonary artery reconstruction was carried out in 256 cases; lobectomy combined with resection and reconstruction of partial left atrium was performed in 41 cases; Double sleeve lobectomy combined with re