目的探讨胸腺肽α1(Tα1)联合大剂量地塞米松(Dex)短程冲击治疗初治慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的疗效及其细胞免疫机制。方法(1)66例初诊ITP患者口服Dex 40mg/d,连用4d;其中39例同时给予Tα1 1.6mg皮下注射,每周3次,连续应用4周。(2)ELISA法检测正常对照组20例及初诊ITP患者治疗前后血浆Tα1、IFNγ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10及转化生长因子(TGF)-β1水平。结果(1)Tα1+Dex联合治疗组与Dex单药治疗组,完全缓解(CR)率分别为76.9%(30/39)、44.4%(12/27)(P〈0.05);长期反应率分别为61.5%(24/39)、34.6%(9/26),复发率分别为38.5%(15/39)、65.4%(17/26),差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。(2)Tα1+Dex治疗后Tα1水平为(1.83±1.22)μg/L较治疗前(2.43±1.47)μg/L明显降低(P〈0.05)。(3)Tα1+Dex治疗后患者IFNγ和IL-2的血浆水平[(11.57±4.33)、(14.56±10.76)]ng/L均较治疗前[(22.71±7.98)、(28.42±11.27)]ng/L显著降低(P〈0.01),且与正常对照组比较[(10.23±3.97)、(8.73±8.22)]ng/L,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。IL-4和IL-10的血浆水平[(9.87±4.82)、(7.90±2.71)]ng/L均较治疗前[(5.93±3.85)、(3.24±1.36)]ng/L明显升高(P〈0.05),且与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。(4)Tα1+Dex治疗后患者血浆TGF-β1水平(4.19±1.80)μg/L较治疗前(1.31±0.71)μg/L明显升高(P〈0.01)。(5)Tα1+Dex治疗后患者Tα1水平与TGF-β1含量之间呈显著正相关(r=0.6028,P〈0.05)。结论(1)Tα1+Dex联合治疗可以纠正ITP患者体内Th1/Th2平衡紊乱,减少血小板破坏,其CR率高、复发率较低且耐受性好,可作为ITP治疗的一种新的尝试。(2)Tα1+Dex治疗后患者Tα1水平与
Objective To study the efficacy and mechanism of thymosin α1 (Tα1) combined with high dose dexamethasone (HD-Dex) in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Methods (1) Out of sixty-six newly diagnosed patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, 27 patients received oral HD-Dex at single daily doses of 40 mg for 4 consecutive days, 39 patients received HD-Dex plus Tα1 1.6 mg subcutaneously thrice weekly for 4 weeks. (2) The plasma levels of Tα1, IFNγ, IL-2, IL- 4, IL-10 and TGF-β1 of the 66 patients and 20 healthy controls were detected with ELISA. Results (1) Twelve patients (44. 4% ) in HD-Dex treatment group and thirty patients (76. 9% ) in HD-Dex plus Tα1 treatment group achieved complete response respectively ( P 〈 0. 05 ). After a follow-up period of 6 months, HD-Dex plus Tα1 treatment group showed a significantly greater rate of sustained response (24/39, 61.5% ) and a lower replasing rate ( 15/39, 38. 5% ) than HD-Dex treatment group ( 9/26, 34. 6% ; 17/26, 65.4% ) (P 〈0. 05). (2) After treatment, a remarkable decrease of Tα1 levels was seen HD-Dex plus Tα1 treatment group [ (2. 43 ± 1.47), ( 1.83 ± 1.22) ] μg/L (P 〈0.05). (3) In HD-Dex plus Tα1 treatment group, the plasma levels of both IFNγ and IL-2 were significantly higher [ ( 22.71 ± 7. 98 ), ( 28.42 ± 11.27) ] ng/L than those in controls [ ( 10. 23 ±3.97) , (8.73 ±8. 22) ] ng/L (P 〈0. 01 ). The levels of both IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly lower [ ( 5. 93 ± 3. 85 ), ( 3. 24 ± 1.36 ) ] ng/L after treatment as compared with those in the controls [ ( 14. 39 ± 8. 03 ), ( 8. 67 ± 3.04 ) ] ng/L ( P 〈 0. 01 ). After treatment, IFNγ and IL-2 decreased [(11.57 ±4.33), (14.56 ± 10.76)] ng/L (P〈0.01) and IL-4 and IL-10 increased greatly [ (9. 87 ± 4. 82 ), (7. 90 ± 2.71 ) ] ng/L ( P 〈 0. 05 ). ( 4 ) TGF-β1 in HD-Dex plus Tα1 treatment group signif