中文摘要：

在气候温湿的滑坡灾害易发区,根系通道、动物通道、干裂缝及团聚体间的结构性孔隙等大空隙普遍存在于斜坡非饱和带中。植被是控制大空隙形成、规模及寿命的决定性因素。除形成根系通道外,细小根系及与植被相关的菌丝还可网捕土体颗粒形成团聚体,而来自根系、枯枝落叶及真菌的腐殖化有机质不仅是重要的团聚体胶结物,也是打洞的土体动物的食物来源。枯枝落叶层是大空隙抵御环境因素扰动的重要屏障。大空隙系统可以显著优化地下水的补给环境,促进斜坡水循环,引起地下水径流模数持续增大及岩体综合质量的渐进性衰退。对于重要的工程高边坡,不宜植树种草;对发育次生植被的非稳定斜坡,可通过调整利用方式来遏制大空隙的发育。

英文摘要：

In warm and humid landslide-prone areas, root channels, faunal tunnels, shrinkage cracks and interaggregate porosity are common in vadose zones of hillslopes. Vegetation is the decisive factor controlling the formation, dimension and lifetime of macropore systems in soils. Apart from producing root channels, roots and fungal hyphae associated with vegetation can also enmesh fine particles of soil into stable aggregates and the organic matters derived from roots, litter and hyphae not only act as binding agents of aggregates, but also furnish food to animals that burrow. Litters protect the soil beneath from rainfall impact and filter out the fine particles that may clog macropores. The macropore system can improve markedly the recharge environment of groundwater and promote groundwater circulation in slopes, which leads to the continued increase of groundwater runoff rate and to the gradual degradation of rock mass quality. For important engineering cut slopes, planting trees and grasses is not advisable and the formation of macropores in natural unstable slopes with vegetation may be contained by means of changing land utilization practice.