中文摘要：

为了解决现有公交线网设计优化模型及其求解算法中存在的很少考虑相邻线路的换乘、求解出的不同线路有大量站点重复、很难用于大规模实际网络的问题,建立了以发车频率为基本决策变量,以乘客时间成本与运营企业成本之和最小为目标,以运营条件为约束的整数非线性规划最优公交线路设计模型,并为新模型设计了改进的模拟退火算法。运用新算法求解模型可同时确定公交网络和相应线路的发车频率。将模型与算法应用到大规模示例网络公交线路设计,并针对设计的公交线网分析其敏感度。结果表明：所提出的模型与算法计算结果稳定,能消除不同线路有大量站点重复现象,且能够用于大规模网络,表明该模型是有效的;不同于传统的公交线网优化设计,提出的方法仅要求规划者有相对较少的专业背景知识,因而对于公交线路设计可起到良好的决策支持作用。

英文摘要：

In order to solve the problems in the existing bus transit network design models of lacking of considering interchange between adjacent routes,large amount of overlapping stops for different routes,and being difficult to be applied in large-scale actual practice,an integer nonlinear programming model for designing the optimal bus transit network was established by having bus frequency as basic decision variable,targeting at minimizing the total cost of bus operation and passenger travel time,and the model was subjecting to the operational constraints.A heuristic improved solution algorithm based on simulated annealing method was designed.By using the new method,bus transit route network and corresponding operational bus frequency can be worked out by the model.The proposed model and algorithm were applied to a large scale sample bus route network,and the sensitivity was also tested aiming at bus transit network design.The results show that the calculation results of the proposed model and algorithm are stables,it can eliminate overlapping stops of different routes and be used in large scale network,which proves that this model is valid.Different from traditional bus transit network design models and methods,this approach requires less professional background knowledge of planners,hence it is a useful and practical tool to support bus transit network design.