中文摘要：

以前，我们成功地追踪了的背景成年人的神经干细胞(NSC ) 由磁性的回声成像(MRI ) non-invasively 在 vivo 在移植以后在主人人大脑用 superparamagnetic 氧化铁粒子(SPIO ) 标记。然而，移植 NSC 的功能不能被方法评估。在学习，我们使用了提高锰的 MRI (ME-MRI ) 完全在 vivo.Methods 与创伤的大脑损害(TBI ) 在老鼠的大脑在培植以后检测 NSC 功能 40 只 TBI 老鼠随机在每个组带着 10 只老鼠被划分成 4 个组。在组 1， TBI 老鼠没收到 NSC 移植。MnCl2-4H2O 静脉内地被注射， hyperosmolar 甘露糖醇被交付破坏 rightside 血大脑障碍，并且它的 contralateral 前蹄电子上被刺激。在组 2， TBI 老鼠收到了 NSC (用 SPIO 标记) 移植，和 ME-MRI 过程是一样的组织 1。在组 3， TBI 老鼠收到了 NSC (用 SPIO 标记) 移植，和 ME-MRI 过程是一样的组织 1，但是 diltiazem 在电的刺激时期期间被介绍。在组 4， TBI 老鼠收到了缓冲的磷酸盐盐(PBS ) 注射，和 ME-MRI 过程是一样的组织 1 个 .Results Hyperintense 信号被 ME-MRI 在在组 2 的 TBI 老鼠与 somatosensory 联系的外皮区域检测。这些信号，它不能在组的 TBI 老鼠被导致 1 和 4 ，当 diltiazem 在这起始的研究在组 3 .Conclusion 的 TBI 老鼠被介绍时，消失了，我们由 ME-MRI 在 TBI 老鼠在本地大脑区域以内印射植入的 NSC 活动和它的功能的参予技术，为进一步现出症状之前的潜的研究铺平道路。

英文摘要：

Background Previously we had successfully tracked adult human neural stem cells （NSCs） labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles （SPIOs） in host human brain after transplantation in vivo non-invasively by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. However, the function of the transplanted NSCs could not be evaluated by the method. In the study, we applied manganese-enhanced MRI （ME-MRI） to detect NSCs function after implantation in brain of rats with traumatic brain injury （TBI） in vivo. Methods Totally 40 TBI rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rats in each group. In group 1, the TBI rats did not receive NSCs transplantation. MnCI2＂4H20 was intravenously injected, hyperosmolar mannitol was delivered to disrupt rightside blood brain barrier, and its contralateral forepaw was electrically stimulated. In group 2, the TBI rats received NSCs （labeled with SPIO） transplantation, and the ME-MRI procedure was same to group 1. In group 3, the TBI rats received NSCs （labeled with SPIO） transplantation, and the ME-MRI procedure was same to group 1, but diltiazem was introduced during the electrical stimulation period. In group 4, the TBI rats received phosphate buffered saline （PBS） injection, and the ME-MRI procedure was same to group 1. Results Hyperintense signals were detected by ME-MRI in the cortex areas associated with somatosensory in TBI rats of group 2. These signals, which could not be induced in TBI rats of groups 1 and 4, disappeared when diltiazem was introduced in TBI rats of group 3. Conclusion In this initial study, we mapped implanted NSCs activity and its functional participation within local brain area in TBI rats by ME-MRI technique, paving the way for further pre-clinical research.