中文摘要：

航空、通信、电力和运输设备的覆冰现象给人们的生产、生活带来许多不便,甚至引起重大经济损失,防覆冰涂层主要通过材料表面特殊物理化学性能与微相形貌来实现抗冰目的,这类材料需要兼具防结冰性和疏冰性,从延长结冰时间和降低冰的附着力两方面来减轻甚至消除冰雪积聚,是目前研究的热点。本文从防覆冰机理入手,深入探讨了防结冰性和疏冰性的影响因素,阐述了防覆冰涂层材料的设计与制备方面的最新进展,并对防覆冰涂层目前存在的问题与发展方向进行了分析和展望。

英文摘要：

Ice adhesion and accretion on the facilities of aviation, telecommunication, electricity and transportation can lead to major inconvenience for our daily life and can even cause great economic losses. Therefore,it is w orthw hile to study anti-icing and icephobic technology. Among all of them,concerning mechanical removing,electrothermal methods,spraying chemicals and coatings,anti-icing icephobic coating is the research hotspot due to its obvious advantages such as low energy consumption,environmentally friendly and so on. It focuses on mitigating or even eliminating ice accumulation by extending freezing time and reducing ice adhesion strength. Extending freezing time is conducive to condensed w ater rolling off the substrates before it freezes via outside pow er,such as gravity,w ind pow er and centrifugal force. Reducing ice adhesion strength makes de-icing procedure facile even if the condensed w ater has frozen on the substrates. It has been proved that by optimizing surface physicochemical properties and surface topography,both ideal effects can be achieved. On the basis of analyzing the mechanism, the influencing factors of anti-icing and icephobic properties are comprehensively discussed. Taking relative factors into consideration,a balance need to be reached betw een contradictory ones. Furthermore,the research progress of designing and fabricating anti-icing icephobic coating is review ed,including hydrophilic coating,hydrophobic coating and multi-functional composite coating. Finally, the prospective tendency of anti-icing icephobic coating is proposed based on the current challenges.