中文摘要：

高层管理者的前瞻性行为是企业应对现实环境变化的必然要求。通过5个典型案例的探索性研究,发现高层管理者前瞻性行为的个体、组织、外部三层面的影响因素,其中个体层面包括主动性人格、成就动机和自我效能感;组织层面包括上级支持和组织文化;外部层面包括外部环境和环境掌控度,并提出相关研究假设。

英文摘要：

The proactive behaviors of executives are a critical factor to influence the organizational performance and adjust to the environment. This paper develops a theoretical framework on the antecedents of executives proactive Behaviors by case study,which consists of individual,organizational,and external levels. The antecedents in the individual level are proactive personality,achievement motivation and self-efficacy. The antecedents in the organizational level are superior support and organizational culture. The antecedents in the external level are external environment and environment controlling. Implications for the theory are discussed and future research directions offered.