中文摘要：

本研究使用4903名老年人组成的全国样本,系统地检验了流调中心抑郁量表的因素结构。结果表明,Radloff的四因素结构、Guarnaccia等和Yen等的三因素结构对当前样本数据的拟合较好,但信度分析和相关分析显示积极情绪因素降低了总量表信度,并且与其他因素之间不支持共同的高阶因素（抑郁）,基于此,在使用量表合成总分的背景下,4个积极情绪项目不适合包含在CES-D量表中。随后,本研究检验了剔除积极情绪项目后量表各因素结构的拟合情况,发现积极情绪因素对量表因素结构的拟合水平贡献不大。结合拟合指数和Radloff对量表的界定,16项目的三因素结构最适合于我国老年人群,并且,这一因素结构在老年人群中具有跨性别的恒等性。

英文摘要：

Objectives;The Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale（CES-D） is a self - rating scale for measuring depressive symptoms in community settings.It is commonly used as a screening instrument for potential depression.Factor analytic studies have shown that the 20 items of CES-D represent depressed affect,positive affect（reversed items）,somatic complaints,and interpersonal concerns（Radloff,1977）.Although it is one of the most commonly used questionnaires,limited studies have focused on the factor structure of the CES-D among the groups of Chinese elderly adults.The objective of the present study was to examine the factor structure of CES-D in Chinese elderly populations.Method;The CES-D was assessed,based on a national sample of 4903 elderly adults,who were recruited from major Chinese mainland cities.Results;a） Confirmatory factor analysis for 20 items of CES-D demonstrated that the four-factor structure identified by Radloff（1977）,as well as two three-factor structures suggested by Cuamaccia et al.（1989） and Yen et al.（2000）,fitted the present data with RMSEA0.08,SRMR0.08,NNFI0.90,GFI0.90,and AGFI0.90,as well as CFI0.95,which indicated that these factor structures could be replicated in the Chinese elderly population;b） the correlations between the positive affect factor,which consist of four reverse scoring items,and the other factors were too low to support a common higher -order factor the range of rs was from 0.35 to 0.46,which was smaller than the cut-off value of.50;c）,under the conditions that the total score was used to indicate individuals＇ levels of depressive symptoms,the four items of positive affect should not be included in the CES-D.In the following analyses,we tried to test the factor structure of CES-D positive factor,and found that the positive affect factor only made limited contributions to the model fit.Combining both original definition and fit indices,Radloff＇ s factor structure was chosen as the most suitable structure for CES-D,which consisted of